Journals / Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2

Initiating Holep for High-Volume Prostates: Impact on Learning Curve and Perioperative Outcomes

Yüksek Hacimli Prostatlar ile Holep Cerrahisine Başlama: Öğrenme Eğrisi ve Perioperatif Sonuçlar Üzerindeki Etkisi

Volkan Sabur(Özel Erciyes Hastanesi)0000-0002-3166-9968
Abdullah Gölbaşı(SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KAYSERİ SAĞLIK UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ)0000-0001-8397-975X
Pages
242–250
Publication Date
2026-06-26
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Conclusions: Initiating HoLEP with large prostates may prolong the learning curve beyond commonly reported thresholds; however, increasing experience significantly improves efficiency and functional outcomes, confirming its safety and size-independent efficacy.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Background: This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the learning curve, perioperative outcomes, and short-term functional results associated with initiating Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) in patients with high-volume prostates in a real-world clinical setting.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 222 patients who underwent 3-lobe HoLEP technique between August 2023 and April 2025 were analyzed.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Conclusions: Initiating HoLEP with large prostates may prolong the learning curve beyond commonly reported thresholds; however, increasing experience significantly improves efficiency and functional outcomes, confirming its safety and size-independent efficacy.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2023 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Endoskopik Enükleasyon · HoLEP · Holmiyum Lazer

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the learning curve, perioperative outcomes, and short-term functional results associated with initiating Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) in patients with high-volume prostates in a real-world clinical setting. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 222 patients who underwent 3-lobe HoLEP technique between August 2023 and April 2025 were analyzed. Patients were chronologically divided into three equal groups to reflect surgical experience and enable balanced comparison across different phases of the learning curve. The groups were assessed according to perioperative outcomes, complications, and urinary incontinence at a 3-month follow-up. The cumulative sum (CUSUM) chart based on operative time, enucleation efficiency, and postoperative urinary incontinence was utilized to determine the learning curve. Results: The mean prostate volume was highest in group 1 (96.82 ml vs. 83.13 ml and 71.41 ml, p=0.004). Enucleation (p=0.019) and morcellation efficiency (p=0.008) significantly improved across groups, while enucleation and morcellation times decreased (both p<0.001). At 3-month follow-up, group 3 demonstrated the lowest rate of incontinence (p=0.012). CUSUM analysis based on enucleation efficiency, operative time, and postoperative incontinence showed that Surgeon had passed the learning phase and was considered around 100 cases, corresponding to the transition phase of the learning curve. Conclusions: Initiating HoLEP with large prostates may prolong the learning curve beyond commonly reported thresholds; however, increasing experience significantly improves efficiency and functional outcomes, confirming its safety and size-independent efficacy.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışma, gerçek yaşam klinik pratiğinde yüksek hacimli prostatlarda Holmium lazer prostat enükleasyonu (HoLEP) uygulamasına başlanmasının öğrenme eğrisi, perioperatif sonuçlar ve kısa dönem fonksiyonel sonuçlar üzerindeki etkilerini kapsamlı olarak değerlendirmeyi amaçladı. Materyal ve metod: Bu retrospektif çalışmada, Ağustos 2023-Nisan 2025 tarihleri arasında 3 lob tekniği ile HoLEP uygulanan 222 hasta analiz edildi. Hastalar, cerrahi deneyimi yansıtmak ve öğrenme eğrisinin farklı fazları arasında dengeli karşılaştırma yapabilmek amacıyla kronolojik olarak üç eşit gruba ayrıldı. Gruplar; perioperatif sonuçlar, komplikasyonlar ve 3 aylık takipte üriner inkontinans açısından değerlendirildi. Öğrenme eğrisini belirlemek için operasyon süresi, enükleasyon etkinliği ve postoperatif inkontinansa dayalı kümülatif toplam (CUSUM) analizi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Ortalama prostat hacmi en yüksek grup 1’de saptandı (96,82 ml’ye karşı 83,13 ml ve 71,41 ml, p=0,004). Enükleasyon (p=0,019) ve morcellasyon etkinliği (p=0,008) gruplar arasında anlamlı şekilde artarken, enükleasyon ve morcellasyon süreleri belirgin olarak azaldı (her ikisi için p<0,001). Üç aylık takipte en düşük inkontinans oranı grup 3’te gözlendi (p=0,012). Enükleasyon etkinliği, operasyon süresi ve postoperatif inkontinansa dayalı CUSUM analizi, cerrahın yaklaşık 100 vaka civarında öğrenme fazını tamamladığını ve öğrenme eğrisinin geçiş fazına ulaştığını gösterdi. Sonuç: Yüksek hacimli prostatlarla HoLEP’e başlanması öğrenme eğrisini literatürde bildirilenin ötesinde uzatabilir; ancak artan deneyimle birlikte cerrahi etkinlik ve fonksiyonel sonuçlar belirgin şekilde iyileşmekte ve HoLEP’in güvenli, etkili ve prostat boyutundan bağımsız bir yöntem olduğu doğrulanmaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Sabur, V., Gölbaşı, A., *, V. S. (2026). Initiating Holep for High-Volume Prostates: Impact on Learning Curve and Perioperative Outcomes. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 242–250. https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1897170

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

↗New Tab

Loading PDF document...

References (21)

  1. Karami H, Hassanzadeh-Hadad A, Fallah-Karkan M. Comparing Monotherapy with Tadalafil or Tamsulosin and Their Combination Therapy in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Urol J. 2016;13(6):2920-6.
  2. Franco JVA, Tesolin P, Jung JH. Update on the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia and the role of minimally invasive procedures. Prostate Int. 2023;11(1):1-7.
  3. Das AK, Han TM, Hardacker TJ. Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP): size-independent gold standard for surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Can J Urol. 2020;27(S3):44-50.
  4. Yin L, Teng J, Huang CJ, Zhang X, Xu D. Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate versus transurethral resection of the prostate: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Endourol. 2013;27(5):604-11.
  5. Zhang Y, Yuan P, Ma D, Gao X, Wei C, Liu Z, et al. Efficacy and safety of enucleation vs. resection of prostate for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2019;22(4):493-508.
  6. Netsch C, Herrmann TRW, Bozzini G, Berti L, Gross AJ, Becker B. Recent evidence for anatomic endoscopic enucleation of the prostate (AEEP) in patients with benign prostatic obstruction on antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy. World J Urol. 2021;39(9):3187-96.
  7. Saitta G, Becerra JEA, Del Alamo JF, Gonzalez LL, Elbers JR, Suardi N, et al. 'En Bloc' HoLEP with early apical release in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. World J Urol. 2019;37(11):2451-8.
  8. Tunc L, Yalcin S, Kaya E, Gazel E, Yilmaz S, Aybal HC, et al. The "Omega Sign": a novel HoLEP technique that improves continence outcomes after enucleation. World J Urol. 2021;39(1):135-41.
  9. Ericson CA, Baird BA, Mauler DJ, Lyon TD, Ball CT, Dora CD. Early apical release versus En-bloc no touch technique for holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: a high-volume single-surgeon cohort study. World J Urol. 2023;41(1):167-72.
  10. Peyronnet B, Robert G, Comat V, Roupret M, Gomez-Sancha F, Cornu JN, et al. Learning curves and perioperative outcomes after endoscopic enucleation of the prostate: a comparison between GreenLight 532-nm and holmium lasers. World J Urol. 2017;35(6):973-83.
  11. Kampantais S, Dimopoulos P, Tasleem A, Acher P, Gordon K, Young A. Assessing the Learning Curve of Holmium Laser Enucleation of Prostate (HoLEP). A Systematic Review. Urology. 2018;120:9-22.
  12. Ditonno F, Bianchi A, Fumanelli F, Brancelli C, Malandra S, Rizzetto R, et al. The Learning Curve for Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate: A Single-Center Analysis of Surgical And Functional Outcomes. J Endourol. 2024;38(11):1226-33.
  13. Gilling PJ, Cass CB, Cresswell MD, Fraundorfer MR. Holmium laser resection of the prostate: preliminary results of a new method for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology. 1996;47(1):48-51.
  14. Enikeev D, Glybochko P, Rapoport L, Gahan J, Gazimiev M, Spivak L, et al. A Randomized Trial Comparing The Learning Curve of 3 Endoscopic Enucleation Techniques (HoLEP, ThuFLEP, and MEP) for BPH Using Mentoring Approach-Initial Results. Urology. 2018;121:51-7.
  15. Wenk MJ, Hartung FO, Egen L, Netsch C, Kosiba M, Grune B, et al. The long-term learning curve of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) in the en-bloc technique: a single surgeon series of 500 consecutive cases. World J Urol. 2024;42(1):436.
  16. Yuk HD, Oh SJ. Effect of urinary retention on the surgical outcome of holmium laser enucleation of the benign prostatic hyperplasia. Investig Clin Urol. 2023;64(1):31-40.
  17. Krambeck AE, Handa SE, Lingeman JE. Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for prostates larger than 175 grams. J Endourol. 2010;24(3):433-7.
  18. Yalcin S, Yilmaz S, Gazel E, Kaya E, Aydogan TB, Aybal HC, et al. Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for the treatment of size-independent BPH: A single-center experience of 600 cases. Turk J Urol. 2020;46(3):219-25.
  19. Cho KJ, Koh JS, Choi JB, Kim JC. Factors Associated With Early Recovery of Stress Urinary Incontinence Following Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate in Patients With Benign Prostatic Enlargement. Int Neurourol J. 2018;22(3):200-5.
  20. Huang HN, Sun YH, Liu X, Tao WQ. Analysis of Postoperative Urinary Incontinence and Influencing Factors of Transurethral Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate. Urol Int. 2024;108(5):457-63.
  21. Anan G, Iwamura H, Mikami J, Kohada Y, Ito J, Kaiho Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for elderly patients: surgical outcomes and King's Health Questionnaire. Transl Androl Urol. 2021;10(2):775-84.