In this study, self-efficacy belief levels (in the aspects of planning and evaluating teaching, knowing and guiding students and total average point of self-efficacy) of social studies teacher candidates for primary education, directed to teaching profession, was analyzed in terms of gender, university of education and class variables. The research was conducted during the 2010-2011 academic year and with participation of 241 teacher candidates from Social Studies Department of Education Faculties at Ataturk University and Kafkas University and Erzincan University. In the study where scanning methods were adopted, the "Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale", which was developed by Kan (2007) was used. The Cra reliability of all the scale was found as 0,95 and test-repeat test reliability was found as 0,86. The t test, one-direction variance test, significance levels of differences between levels of self-efficacy and their arithmetic averages were used in data evaluation. In the result of the study, it was seen that there is a difference in favor of female teacher candidates in the average total of self-efficacy belief levels, the aspect of teaching planning and evaluation and self-efficacy, in social studies teacher candidates. In self-efficacy belief levels of teacher candidates and in only teaching planning and evaluation aspect according to their universities of education, a meaningful difference in favor of teacher candidates at Ataturk University, between candidates in Ataturk University and Erzincan University.