Multi-spectral satellites and gis modeling of hydrological characteristics of tighra reservoir, gwalior, india

The study aims at identifying the hydrological characteristics of Tighra Reservoir, Gwalior, India by using GIS technology and multi-spectral satellite data obtained in different periods. Landsat Thematic Mapper of the years 1973, 1990, 1999, 2000 and LISS III of 2008 were used in the study. Besides, SOI toposheets of 54F/16, 54J/4 were used to delineate the reservoir catchment area and generate drainage system. Open water spread area were extracted using modeler in ERDAS imagine software. In the present study, it was observed that Tighra reservoir in Gwalior is mainly fed through precipitation and also through Sank River and some small river-lets. The reservoir has a dendritic drainage pattern having coarse textured. The land use pattern of the catchment area is mainly comprise of agricultural fields, villages, built-up area, forest, rocky hills, open scrub and water body. Tighra reservoir has a water spread area of 19.5 sq km (4% of the catchment area) at the time of construction in the year 1926. The change detection analysis during the year 1973 to 2008 shows that the water spread area of the reservoir was 16.47 sq km (3%) in 1973, 19.114 sq km (4%) in 1990, 19.17 sq km (4%) in 1999 but started decreasing from the year 2000 with water spread area of 12.7 sq km (2%) of the catchment. Drastic drop in water spread area of 05.8sq km (1%) were observed during early months of the year 2008 respectively. The changes in water spread area were observed to be due to human intervention and unwise use of water and land encroachment in the catchment area. Besides, wastewater sewage discharge from nearby villages and built-up areas during monsoon periods leads to siltation and sedimentation of the reservoir. Therefore from this study, it is concluded that human activities like unplanned built-up and unwise utilization of water should be checked and local people should be educated towards wise use of water resources. Besides, study on the sedimentation and water quality should be done periodically for long life storing capacity of the reservoir.

Tighra reservoir ,

Multi-spectral satellite ,

Landsat Thematic Mapper ,

LISS III ,

Hydrological characteristics ,