Avrupa ülkelerine göç eden türk işçilerin iktisadi etkinliğe katkısı

Çalışma, Türk işçilerinin, AB üyesi yedi ülkenin (Avusturya, Belçika, Finlandiya, Fransa, Almanya, Hollanda ve İsveç) ve Norveç'in milli gelirlerine olan katkılarını incelemektedir. Analiz, iktisadi verimlilik ve üretim etkinliği çerçevesinde yapılmaktadır. Durum, etkinlik modelleriyle ortaya konulmaktadır. Bu modeller, veri zarflama analizi, potansiyel iyileştirme analizi ve Malmquist endeksidir. Çalışmada, Türk işgücünün bu ekonomilere olan katkısı, yerli ve diğer yabancı işgücü ve sermaye gibi diğer önemli üretim faktörlerinin katkılarıyla karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışma, ilgili ülkelere göç eden Türk işgücünün diğer üretim faktörleriyle birlikte ülke ekonomilerine bir adaptasyon sağlayıp sağlamadığı konusunda da fikir vermesi açısından önemlidir. Çalışma, üç aşamada gerçekleştirilmektedir. Birinci aşamada, ilgili ülkelerin toplam işgücü ve sermaye faktörlerinin üretime olan katkıları incelenmektedir. Bu analizde etkinlikleri en yüksek ülkeler, İsveç ve Norveç'tir. İkinci aşamada, ilgili ülkelerin toplam işgücü faktörü ikiye ayrıştırılarak yerli ve yabancı emek olarak farklı faktörler şeklinde analize koyulmaktadır. İkinci aşamada, en etkin ülkeler arasına Finlandiya da katılmaktadır. Üçüncü aşamada, ilgili ülkelerin toplam işgücü faktörü üçe ayrıştırılarak bu ülkelerde yaşayan Türk vatandaşı olan emek, diğer yabancı ülke vatandaşı emek ve ülkenin yerli emeği olarak farklı faktörler şeklinde analize koyulmaktadır. Üçüncü aşamada, ikinci aşamada etkin olan ülkeler dışında etkin olan ülkeler yoktur. İlgili ülkelerde, Türk işgücünün toplam işgücündeki oranında yıldan yıla azalma görülse de, analizin sonuçları, Türk işgücünün ilgili Avrupa ülkelerinin iktisadi etkinliğine olan katkısı yüksek bir üretim faktörü olduğunu ve bu katkının yıldan yıla arttığını göstermektedir.

İşgücü Analizi ,

Göç ,

Veri Zarflama Analizi ,

Malmquist Endeksi ,

Potansiyel İyileştirme Analizi ,

The study is examined the contributions of Turkish labours on the national incomes of seven members economies in European Union (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, The Netherlands and Sweden) and Norway. The analysis is done in the frame of the economic productivity and the production efficiency. The situation is displayed by the efficiency estimation models, which are Data Envelopment Analysis, Potential Reclamation Analysis and Malmquist Index. In the study, the contributions of the Turkish labours to the economies were assessed with comparatively another important production factors', like native labours', other foreign labours' and capital's contributions. The study is also important to give an idea that whether immigrating Turkish labours to the related countries, has provided an adaptation with other production factors to the economies. The study is realized in three stages: In the first stage the contributions of the total labour and capital to the production of the related countries is observed. In this analysis the most efficient countries are Sweden and Norway. Reason of the inefficiency of the other countries is the excess of the total labor. Only inefficiency of Austria and Denmark is originated from the excess of capital in a few years. In the first stage, Inability to protect the capability of efficiency which means that there are structural problems in the production was seen in Belgium, Finland, France, and Germany. Because those countries 'averages of the total factor productivity changes, that is Malmquist Index, are small than one. In the second stage, related countries' total labor factor is decomposed into two different factors that one is the domestic labor force and other is the foreign labor force In the second stage, Finland is also added to the most efficient two countries in the first stage which are Sweden and Norway In this analysis, inefficiency of the other countries is mostly rise from the excess of the foreign labor force. Even though in the first stage analysis, Finland have not got ability to protect the efficiency in terms of the production structures, is both one of the most efficient countries and also, is stable to protect her efficiency which is related to the technological improvements. Because, Finland has a smaller rate of foreign labor to the total labour force than the other countries. Also she has a good composition with this factor to the other production factors to obtain the efficiency. Only France has not got an ability to protect efficiency in the second stage. In the third stage, related countries' total labor factor is decomposed into three different factors that one is the domestic labor force and other is Turkish labour force and another is foreign labor force. The efficient countries are the same as in second stage analysis. In the third stage, inefficiency of the other countries is frequently occurred densely from the other foreign labor. Turkish labor force effects the inefficiency mostly in Austria and Germany in both of which the rate of the Turkish labor to the total labor is higher than in the other countries. But Turkish labor is not play more role in inefficiency than the domestic and other foreign labor In Germany, although, Turkish labor has a role on inefficiencies from time to time in the beginning of the period which is analyzed in this study, at the end of the period the domestic and other foreign labor force become main reasons to the inefficiencies. In the other inefficient economies, Turkish labor force has not got any role on inefficiencies. In the third stage the Malmquist Index increase in all of the economies, except France, That means, total factor productivities are improved in all countries' production, but France's. Even thought, it is seen that the Turkish labour rates in total labour force in related the countries decrease year to year, the results of the analysis show that, the Turkish labour force is a production factor which has a big contribution to economic efficiency in related European countries, and also, this contribution continuously increases.

Labour Analysis, ,

Migration, ,

Data Envelopment Analysis, ,

Malmquist İndex, ,

Potential Reclamation Analysis ,